Chapter+3

Chapter 3 is the methodology chapter of your report.


 * INTRODUCTION**

What do you present in the research methodology chapter? This is the chapter in which you tell the readers the steps taken to obtain the answer to your research questions. Basically, in this chapter, you inform the readers the following:

3.1 Settings - Participant background

3.2 Data collection - Procedures

3.3 Data analysis

3.4 Statistical instruments used to analyse the data (if any)


 * ACTIVITY**

Download these articles. Identify the sub-sections under the **Methodology** section. What type of information can be found in the sub-sections? Explain.






 * SOURCES YOU OBTAIN THE DATA FROM**

There are two types of data: (1) Primary data: The data you collected for the purpose of YOUR research, for examples using survey, interviews, and observation.

(2) Secondary data The data which has been collected by other people for THEIR research. However, in some cases, other people may also use this data. For example, a new research is planned in such a way to replicate the previous study. For the purpose of your UHL2332 research, the secondary data is the findings from the previous research. This information can be found in your review of literature.

As for UHL2332, you will basically be using survey (questionnaire) to collect your data. Therefore, you need to understand the types of survey questions. So, what are they?


 * TYPES OF SURVEY QUESTIONS** (for your questionnaire)

Mainly, there are two types of survey questions: (1) Open-ended: There is no definite answer/ no right or wrong. The answers will be very useful because the respondents/ participants may provide elaborated answer. However, it may be difficult for the researcher to interpret or quantify the answer. As such, the answers for this type of questions need to be classified according to themes.

(2) Closed-ended: There is an answer/ answers provided by the researchers for the respondents/ participants to choose. The answers are easy to analyse statistically as they are easier to quantify. However, it may be difficult for the researcher to design appropriate questions as they have to be relevant to each research question posed. Also, it may be rather difficult to think of ALL possible answers.

Examples of styles in formulating survey questions: (i) Dichotomous questions (ii) Multiple-choice questions (iii) Rank questions (iv) Scale questions (likert-scale) (v) Categorical (vi) Numerical

Once you have collected the data, you will have to evaluate your respondents' responses. So, how to do that? First, create a code book. Here is an example of this [|Coding table.xlsx]. If you have filled in the relevant columns, you will be able to evaluate the responses using the calculation functions you may find in the task bar of the microsoft excel sheet. Then, create a graph to represent the responses visually. Based on the visual graphs, you will then explain the responses in writing. Here are the steps needed to do this [|Coding table_Analysis.pptx].
 * CODING BOOK AND DATA ANALYSES**


 * ADDITIONAL NOTES**